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Laravel 5 中基于 jQuery 实现分层级的类目树结构方法

时间:2016-11-18 编辑:简简单单 来源:一聚教程网

今天,我要来分享下如何在Laravel 5中通过jQuery实现动态类目树结构:有些时候我们确实需要为类目及其子类目生成树结构以便于使用。

在本教程中,我只是简单在Laravel应用中创建一个“categories”表并通过一个嵌套的树结构来管理父类目和子类目。我使用jQuery来生成树视图布局,使用类目模型为层级数据设置关联关系,还为在类目树中创建新类目添加了表单。

在正式开始之前,先贴上最终效果图:

laravel-category-tree-view

下面正式开始开发之路。

第一步:安装Laravel 5.3应用

如果你还没有安装Laravel 5.3的话,那么第一步肯定是安装它。我们使用Composer进行安装:

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel blog

如果没有Homestead之类的开发环境的话,需要在.env文件中配置数据库连接信息。

第二步:创建类目表和模型

在这一步中我们使用Laravel提供的Artisan命令为类目表生成迁移文件:

php artisan make:migration create_category_table

运行完该命令之后你会发现在database/migrations目录下新生成了一个迁移文件,编辑该文件代码如下:

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateCategoryTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('categories', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('title');
            $table->integer('parent_id');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::drop("categories");
    }
}

然后我们运行如下命令生成该表:

php artisan migrate

创建完数据表之后还需要创建一个与该数据表相对应的模型类app/Category.php:

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Category extends Model
{

    public $fillable = ['title','parent_id'];

    /**
     * Get the index name for the model.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function childs() {
        return $this->hasMany('App\Category','parent_id','id') ;
    }
}

第三步:创建路由

在这一步中我们需要创建两个路由,一个用于渲染类目树视图,一个用于添加新的类目。打开routes/web.php文件,添加如下两个路由:

Route::get('category-tree-view',['uses'=>'CategoryController@manageCategory']);
Route::post('add-category',['as'=>'add.category','uses'=>'CategoryController@addCategory']);

第四步:创建控制器

到了这里,我们需要创建路由中定义的控制器app/Http/Controllers/CategoryController.php,编写该文件代码如下:

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Category;

class CategoryController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Show the application dashboard.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function manageCategory()
    {
        $categories = Category::where('parent_id', '=', 0)->get();
        $allCategories = Category::pluck('title','id')->all();
        return view('categoryTreeview',compact('categories','allCategories'));
    }

    /**
     * Show the application dashboard.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function addCategory(Request $request)
    {
        $this->validate($request, [
            'title' => 'required',
        ]);
        $input = $request->all();
        $input['parent_id'] = empty($input['parent_id']) ? 0 : $input['parent_id'];

        Category::create($input);

        return back()->with('success', 'New Category added successfully.');
    }

}

第五步:创建视图

在这一步中,我们来创建两个Blade视图文件。首先是resources/views/categoryTreeview.blade.php:



   
        Laravel Category Treeview Example
        css/font-awesome.min.css" />
       
       
       
   
   
       


           

               
Manage Category TreeView

               

                   

                       

                           

Category List


                           

                                    @foreach($categories as $category)
                                        

  •                                      {{ $category->title }}
                                         @if(count($category->childs))
                                             @include('manageChild',['childs' => $category->childs])
                                         @endif
                                        

  •                                 @endforeach
                               

                       

                       

                           

Add New Category

                            {!! Form::open(['route'=>'add.category']) !!}

                                @if ($message = Session::get('success'))
                               


                                   
                                    {{ $message }}
                               

                                @endif

                               


                                    {!! Form::label('Title:') !!}
                                    {!! Form::text('title', old('title'), ['class'=>'form-control', 'placeholder'=>'Enter Title']) !!}
                                    {{ $errors->first('title') }}
                               

                               


                                    {!! Form::label('Category:') !!}
                                    {!! Form::select('parent_id',$allCategories, old('parent_id'), ['class'=>'form-control', 'placeholder'=>'Select Category']) !!}
                                    {{ $errors->first('parent_id') }}
                               

                               


                                   
                               

                            {!! Form::close() !!}

                       


                   

               


           

       

       
   

然后是resources/views/manageChild.blade.php:


        @foreach($childs as $child)
       

  •         {{ $child->title }}
            @if(count($child->childs))
                @include('manageChild',['childs' => $child->childs])
            @endif
       

  •     @endforeach

第六步:添加CSS和JS文件

最后一步,我们来添加视图文件所需要的CSS和JS文件。

public/css/treeview.css:

.tree, .tree ul {
    margin:0;
    padding:0;
    list-style:none
}
.tree ul {
    margin-left:1em;
    position:relative
}
.tree ul ul {
    margin-left:.5em
}
.tree ul:before {
    content:"";
    display:block;
    width:0;
    position:absolute;
    top:0;
    bottom:0;
    left:0;
    border-left:1px solid
}
.tree li {
    margin:0;
    padding:0 1em;
    line-height:2em;
    color:#369;
    font-weight:700;
    position:relative
}
.tree ul li:before {
    content:"";
    display:block;
   
    height:0;
    border-top:1px solid;
    margin-top:-1px;
    position:absolute;
    top:1em;
    left:0
}
.tree ul li:last-child:before {
    background:#fff;
    height:auto;
    top:1em;
    bottom:0
}
.indicator {
    margin-right:5px;
}
.tree li a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color:#369;
}
.tree li button, .tree li button:active, .tree li button:focus {
    text-decoration: none;
    color:#369;
    border:none;
    background:transparent;
    margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;
    padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;
    outline: 0;
}
public/js/treeview.js:

$.fn.extend({
    treed: function (o) {

        var openedClass = 'glyphicon-minus-sign';
        var closedClass = 'glyphicon-plus-sign';

        if (typeof o != 'undefined'){
            if (typeof o.openedClass != 'undefined'){
                openedClass = o.openedClass;
            }
            if (typeof o.closedClass != 'undefined'){
                closedClass = o.closedClass;
            }
        };

        /* initialize each of the top levels */
        var tree = $(this);
        tree.addClass("tree");
        tree.find('li').has("ul").each(function () {
            var branch = $(this);
            branch.prepend("");
            branch.addClass('branch');
            branch.on('click', function (e) {
                if (this == e.target) {
                    var icon = $(this).children('i:first');
                    icon.toggleClass(openedClass + " " + closedClass);
                    $(this).children().children().toggle();
                }
            })
            branch.children().children().toggle();
        });

        /* fire event from the dynamically added icon */
        tree.find('.branch .indicator').each(function(){
            $(this).on('click', function () {
                $(this).closest('li').click();
            });
        });

        /* fire event to open branch if the li contains an anchor instead of text */
        tree.find('.branch>a').each(function () {
            $(this).on('click', function (e) {
                $(this).closest('li').click();
                e.preventDefault();
            });
        });

        /* fire event to open branch if the li contains a button instead of text */
        tree.find('.branch>button').each(function () {
            $(this).on('click', function (e) {
                $(this).closest('li').click();
                e.preventDefault();
            });
        });
    }
});

/* 初始化树状图 */
$('#tree1').treed();

好了,至此所有代码已经编写完成,你可以在浏览器中查看效果了。

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