oracle tde透明数据加密用法详解

时间：2013-11-21 编辑：简简单单来源：一聚教程网

oracle的透明数据加密，是Oracle高级安全选项中的一个部分，需要额外支付软件费用。
这一选项，可以结合多种手段进行加密，包括使用Wallet（PKCS#12标准）以及支持PKCS#11 RAS硬件设备。
在10g中，透明加密支持基于列级的加密，而在Oracle 11gR2中，增加了基于表空间的透明加密。
以下是官方文档中关于加密解密的流程图：
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" />
以下是一个简单测试。
首先在SQLNET.ora文件中增加如下一段：

代码如下	复制代码
ENCRYPTION_WALLET_LOCATION= (SOURCE=(METHOD=FILE)(METHOD_DATA= (DIRECTORY=D:Oracle11.2.0NETWORKADMINencryption_wallet)))

在SQL*Plus中创建Wallet密钥：

代码如下	复制代码
SQL> connect / as sysdba Connected. SQL> alter system set encryption key authenticated by “eygle”; System altered.

关闭和打开Wallet：

代码如下	复制代码
SQL> alter system set encryption wallet close; alter system set encryption wallet close * ERROR at line 1: ORA-28390: auto login wallet not open SQL> alter system set encryption wallet close identified by “eygle”; System altered. SQL> alter system set wallet open identified by “eygle”; System altered.

在创建数据表时可以指定加密：

代码如下

复制代码

SQL> connect eygle/eygle
Connected.
SQL> create table tde (id number(10),data varchar2(50) encrypt);
Table created.
SQL> insert into tde select user_id,username from dba_users;
9 rows created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> connect / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select * from eygle.tde;
        ID DATA
———- ————————————————–
         0 SYS
         5 SYSTEM
        34 EYGLE
         9 OUTLN
        31 APPQOSSYS
        30 DBSNMP
        32 WMSYS
        14 DIP
        21 ORACLE_OCM

加密和解密是自动进行的。
查询dba_encrypted_columns视图可以找到加密列：

代码如下	复制代码
SQL> select * from dba_encrypted_columns; OWNER TABLE_NAME COLUMN_NAME ENCRYPTION_ALG SAL INTEGRITY_AL ———- ————— ——————– —————————– — ———— EYGLE TDE DATA AES 192 bits key YES SHA-1

如果关闭Wallet，则加密列不可访问：

代码如下

复制代码

SQL> select * from eygle.tde;
select * from eygle.tde
                    *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28365: wallet is not open
SQL> alter system set encryption wallet close identified by “eygle”;
System altered.
SQL> select * from eygle.tde;
select * from eygle.tde
                    *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28365: wallet is not open
SQL> desc eygle.tde
Name                                                              Null?    Type
—————————————————————– ——– ——————————-
ID                                                                         NUMBER(10)
DATA                                                                       VARCHAR2(50) ENCRYPT
SQL> select id from eygle.tde;
        ID
———-
         0
         5
        34
         9
        31
        30
        32
        14
        21
9 rows selected.

在加密列时，存在两个选项：Salt和No Salt。
Salt在加密前对数据增加随即字符串，增加破解的难度，使得同样的字符串加密结果不同；而对于NO Salt，则同样字符串可以获得同样的加密输出，其安全性相对略低。
在加密列上，如果使用Salt方式，则不能创建索引,Salt加密和索引两种属性互斥，不能同时设置：

代码如下	复制代码
SQL> create index idx01 on tde(data); create index idx01 on tde(data) * ERROR at line 1: ORA-28338: Column(s) cannot be both indexed and encrypted with salt

当使用缺省Salt方式加密时，此时允许对于加密列创建索引：

代码如下

复制代码

SQL> create table tde2 (id number(10) encrypt no salt,data varchar2(50) );
Table created.
SQL> insert into tde2 select user_id,username from dba_users;
9 rows created.
SQL> select * from tde2;
        ID DATA
———- ————————————————–
         0 SYS
         5 SYSTEM
        34 EYGLE
         9 OUTLN
        31 APPQOSSYS
        30 DBSNMP
        32 WMSYS
        14 DIP
        21 ORACLE_OCM
9 rows selected.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> create index idx1 on tde2(id);
Index created.

当执行导出时，Oracle会给出提示：

代码如下

复制代码

D:>expdp eygle/eygle directory=temp dumpfile=tde2.dmp tables=TDE
Export: Release 11.2.0.2.0 – Production on Thu Sep 8 15:35:19 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 – Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting “EYGLE”.”SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01″: eygle/******** directory=temp dumpfile=tde2.dmp tables=TDE
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method…
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
. . exported “EYGLE”.”TDE” 5.562 KB 9 rows
ORA-39173: Encrypted data has been stored unencrypted in dump file set.
Master table “EYGLE”.”SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01″ successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for EYGLE.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:
D:TEMPTDE2.DMP
Job “EYGLE”.”SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01″ completed with 1 error(s) at 15:35:23

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