python rsa如何实现数据加密解密签名加密和验签

本篇文章小编给大家分享一下python rsa实现数据加密解密签名加密和验签实例，小编觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家供大家参考，有需要的小伙伴们可以来看看。

先安装

pip install rsa

安装好后，请看代码

"""
注意：
api签名时：签名用私钥，验签用公钥
数据加密时：加密用公钥，解密用私钥
密钥和公钥保存的图片会在下边展示出来
"""
import rsa
# 对api的签名机制进行验证：签名用私钥，验签用公钥
class RsaEncrypt:
  def __init__(self, sign_str):
    self.sign_str = sign_str
  def rsa_generate(self):
    """
    生成私钥和公钥并保存
    :return:
    """
    # 生成公钥和私钥
    pubkey, privkey = rsa.newkeys(1024)
    pub = pubkey.save_pkcs1()
    # 公钥
    with open('public.pem', 'wb') as w_pub:
      w_pub.write(pub)
    # 私钥
    pri = privkey.save_pkcs1()
    with open('private.pem', 'wb') as w_pri:
      w_pri.write(pri)
    return "保存成功"
  @classmethod
  def read_rsa(self):
    """
    读取公钥和私钥
    :return:
    """
    with open('public.pem', 'rb') as publickfile:
      pub = publickfile.read()
      pubkey = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1(pub)
    with open('private.pem', 'rb') as privatefile:
      priv = privatefile.read()
      # print(pub)
      privkey = rsa.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1(priv)
    return pubkey, privkey
  def str_sign(self):
    privkey = self.read_rsa()[1]
    # 先将要加密的数据转成二进制
    str_encode = self.sign_str.encode()
    # 用私钥进行加密，并设置加密算法
    signature = rsa.sign(str_encode, privkey, 'SHA-1') # 签名加密算法可以更换比如：SHA-256
    # print(signature)
    return signature
  def sign_verify(self, signature):
    """
    验证签名是否正确，如果正确，则返回签名算法,否则返回验证失败
    :param signature:
    :return:
    """
    pubkey = self.read_rsa()[0]
    try:
      agl = rsa.verify(self.sign_str.encode(), signature, pubkey)
      # print(type(agl))
      print(agl) # 返回加密算法代表验签成功
      return True
    except rsa.VerificationError:
      print("验证失败")
      return False

# 对数据进行加密:加密用公钥，解密用私钥
class DataEncrypt:
  def __init__(self, data_str):
    self.data_str = data_str
    self.secret_key = RsaEncrypt.read_rsa()# 调用RsaEncrypt类的读取密钥对方法
  def data_encrypt(self):
    """
    用公钥对数据进行加密
    :return:
    """
    str_encrypt = rsa.encrypt(self.data_str.encode(), self.secret_key[0])
    print(str_encrypt) # 加密后看着像二进制，但有不太像，看不懂
    return str_encrypt
  def data_decrypt(self, encrypt):
    str = rsa.decrypt(encrypt, self.secret_key[1]).decode()
    print(str) # 返回加密前的数据
    return str
if __name__ == '__main__':
 # 验证签名机制
  sing_test = RsaEncrypt('dfad--fa/d.s$$$&{}()>')
  sing_test.sign_verify(sing_test.str_sign())
 # 验证加密解密机制
  data = DataEncrypt('dfad--fa/d.s$$$&{}()>')
  data.data_decrypt(data.data_encrypt())

保存的公钥图片

私钥图片：