Java+MySQL实现图书管理系统代码示例

本篇文章小编给大家分享一下Java+MySQL实现图书管理系统代码示例，文章代码介绍的很详细，小编觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家供大家参考，有需要的小伙伴们可以来看看。

一，功能

管理员登录

图书借阅信息管理

图书信息管理

管理员更改密码

退出系统

二，工具

Ecppse Version: 2018-09 (4.9.0)

MySQL Workbench 8.0 CE

mysql-connector-java-8.0.13.jar

三、效果图：

登录界面：

主界面：

借阅书籍管理：

个人书库管理：

更改密码：

四、数据库设计

1）图书表

2）用户表

两个数据表间没有关联：

五、JAVA层次分析

（1）逻辑图

（2）包结构，采用MVC三层架构组织各个模块

六、主要Java代码分析

Dao类（以BookDao为例）

package pers.cyz.dao;
 
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
 
import pers.cyz.model.Book;
import pers.cyz.util.DBUtil;
 
/**
 * 数据库图书表信息数据访问对象类，包含增加图书信息、删除图书信息
 * 、更新图书信息、查询图书信息、查询借阅信息和归还图书
 * 
 * @author 1651200111 陈彦志
 */
public class BookDao {
 
 
	/**
	 * 增加图书信息
	 */
 public void addBook(Book book) throws Exception{
 	// 首先拿到数据库的连接
 Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();
 String sql="insert into tb_books"
 		// ISBN、书名、图书价格、图书作者、出版社
 		+ "(ISBN, book_name, book_price, book_author, published_house,"
 		// 分类号、借书人姓名、借书人电话、借书日期，已借天数
 		+ "book_category, borrower_name, borrower_phone) "
 		+ "values("
 		/*
 		 * 参数用?表示，相当于占位符，然后在对参数进行赋值。当真正执行时，
 		 * 这些参数会加载在SQL语句中，把SQL语句拼接完整才去执行。这样就会减少对数据库的操作
 		 */
 		+ "?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)";
 /*
 * prepareStatement这个方法会将SQL语句加载到驱动程序conn集成程序中，
 * 但是并不直接执行,而是当它调用execute()方法的时候才真正执行；
 */
 PreparedStatement psmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
 // 先对应SQL语句，给SQL语句传递参数
 psmt.setString(1, book.getISBN());
 psmt.setString(2, book.getBookName());
 psmt.setFloat(3, book.getPrice());
 psmt.setString(4, book.getAuthor());
 psmt.setString(5, book.getPublishHouse());
 psmt.setString(6, book.getBookCategory());
 
 if (book.getBorrowerName() == null || book.getBorrowerName() == "") {
 	psmt.setString(7, null);
 }
 else {
 	 psmt.setString(7, book.getBorrowerName());
 }
 
 if (book.getBorrowerPhone() == null || book.getBorrowerPhone() == "") {
 	 psmt.setString(8, null); 
 }
 else {
 	psmt.setString(8, book.getBorrowerPhone()); 
 }
 
 //执行SQL语句
 psmt.execute();
 
 }
	
 
 /**
 * 删除图书信息
 */
 public void delBook(int ID) throws SQLException{
 	 // 首先拿到数据库的连接
 Connection con=DBUtil.getConnection();
 String sql="" + 
 "DELETE FROM tb_books "+ 
 // 参数用?表示，相当于占位符
 "WHERE ID = ?";
 // 预编译sql语句
 PreparedStatement psmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
 // 先对应SQL语句，给SQL语句传递参数
 psmt.setInt(1, ID);
 // 执行SQL语句
 psmt.execute(); 
 }
	 
 
	/**
	 * 更新图书信息
	 */
 public void changeBook(Book book) throws SQLException{
 	// 首先拿到数据库的连接
 Connection con=DBUtil.getConnection();
 String sql="update tb_books "
 		+ "set ISBN = ?, book_name = ?, book_price = ?, book_author = ?"
 + ",published_house = ?, book_category = ?, borrower_name = ?, borrower_phone = ? "
 // 参数用?表示，相当于占位符 
 		+ "where ID = ?";
 // 预编译sql语句
 PreparedStatement psmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
 // 先对应SQL语句，给SQL语句传递参数
 psmt.setString(1, book.getISBN());
 psmt.setString(2, book.getBookName());
 psmt.setFloat(3, book.getPrice());
 psmt.setString(4, book.getAuthor());
 psmt.setString(5, book.getPublishHouse());
 psmt.setString(6, book.getBookCategory());
 if (book.getBorrowerName().equals("")) {
 	psmt.setString(7, null);
 }
 else {
 	 psmt.setString(7, book.getBorrowerName());
 }
 
 if (book.getBorrowerPhone().equals("")) {
 	psmt.setString(8, null);
 }
 else {
 	 psmt.setString(8, book.getBorrowerPhone());
 }
 psmt.setInt(9, book.getID());
 // 执行SQL语句
 psmt.execute(); 
 }
 
	 
 
	/**
	 * 查询书籍信息
	 */
	public List query() throws Exception{	 
		Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();	 
		Statement stmt = con.createStatement();	 
		ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("select "
				// ISBN、书名、作者、图书价格、出版社
				+ "ID, ISBN, book_name, book_author, book_price, published_house, "
				// 分类号、借书人姓名、借书人电话
				+ "book_category, borrower_name, borrower_phone "
				+ "from tb_books");	 
		List bookList = new ArrayList();	 
		Book book = null;	 
		// 如果对象中有数据，就会循环打印出来
		while (rs.next()){	 
			book = new Book();	 
			book.setID(rs.getInt("ID"));
			book.setISBN(rs.getString("ISBN"));
			book.setBookName(rs.getString("book_name"));	 
			book.setAuthor(rs.getString("book_author"));
			book.setPrice(rs.getFloat("book_price"));
			book.setPublishHouse(rs.getString("published_house"));
			book.setBookCategory(rs.getString("book_category"));
			book.setBorrowerName(rs.getString("borrower_name"));
			book.setBorrowerPhone(rs.getString("borrower_phone"));
			bookList.add(book);	 
		}	 
		return bookList;	 
	}
 
 
	/**
	 * 查询借阅信息
	 * 
	 * @return
	 * 		bookList
	 */
	public List borrowQuery() throws Exception{	 
		Connection con = DBUtil.getConnection();	 
		Statement stmt = con.createStatement();	 
		ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(""
				// ID、书名、借书人姓名、借书人电话
				+ "SELECT ID, book_name, borrower_name, borrower_phone "
				+ "FROM tb_books "
				+ "WHERE borrower_name IS NOT NULL"
				);	 
		List bookList = new ArrayList();	 
		Book book = null;	 
		// 如果对象中有数据，就会循环打印出来
		while (rs.next()){	 
			book = new Book();	 
			book.setID(rs.getInt("ID"));
			book.setBookName(rs.getString("book_name"));	 
			book.setBorrowerName(rs.getString("borrower_name"));
			book.setBorrowerPhone(rs.getString("borrower_phone"));
			bookList.add(book);	 
		}	 
		return bookList;	 
	}
 
	/**
	 * 更新图书信息，归还图书
	 */
 public void returnBook(Book book) throws SQLException{
 	// 首先拿到数据库的连接
 Connection con=DBUtil.getConnection();
 String sql="UPDATE tb_books "
 		// ISBN、图书名称、作者、价格
 		+ "SET "
 		// 借书人姓名、借书人电话
 		+ "borrower_name = ?, borrower_phone = ? "
 // 参数用?表示，相当于占位符 
 		+ "WHERE ID = ?";
 // 预编译sql语句
 PreparedStatement psmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
 // 先对应SQL语句，给SQL语句传递参数
 psmt.setString(1, book.getBorrowerName());
 psmt.setString(2, book.getBorrowerPhone());
 psmt.setInt(3, book.getID());
 // 执行SQL语句
 psmt.execute(); 
 }

}

重点内容 ：

JDBC进行简单的数据库增删改查

详细参考：https://www.jb51.net/article/204374.htm

Model类（以Book为例）

package pers.cyz.model;
 
/**
 * 图书模型类,包含数据库图书表各对应的字段get、set方法
 * 
 * @author 1651200111 陈彦志
 */
public class Book {
	private int ID;
	// ISBN号
	private String ISBN;
	// 图书名称
	private String bookName;
	// 图书价格
	private float price;
	// 图书作者
	private String author;
	// 出版社
	private String publishedHouse;
	// 图书分类号
	private String bookCategory;
	// 借书人姓名
	private String borrowerName;
	// 借书人电话
	private String borrowerPhone;
 
	/**
	 * 获取ID
	 */
	public int getID() {
		return ID;
	}
	/**
	 * 设置ID
	 */
	public void setID(int iD) {
		ID = iD;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取ISBN
	 */
	public String getISBN() {
		return ISBN;
	}
	/**
	 * 设置ISBN
	 */
	public void setISBN(String iSBN) {
		ISBN = iSBN;
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 获取图书名称
	 */
	public String getBookName() {
		return bookName;
	}
	/**
	 * 设置图书名称
	 */
	public void setBookName(String bookName) {
		this.bookName = bookName;
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 获取图书价格
	 */
	public float getPrice() {
		return price;
	}
	/**
	 * 设置图书价格
	 */
	public void setPrice(float price) {
		this.price = price;
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 获取图书作者
	 */
	public String getAuthor() {
		return author;
	}
	/**
	 * 设置图书作者
	 */
	public void setAuthor(String author) {
		this.author = author;
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 获取出版社
	 */
	public String getPublishHouse() {
		return publishedHouse;
	}
	/**
	 * 设置出版社
	 */
	public void setPublishHouse(String publishedHouse) {
		this.publishedHouse = publishedHouse;
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 获取图书分类信息
	 */
	public String getBookCategory() {
		return bookCategory;
	}
	/**
	 * 设置图书分类信息
	 */
	public void setBookCategory(String bookCategory) {
		this.bookCategory = bookCategory;
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 获取借书人姓名
	 */
	public String getBorrowerName() {
		return borrowerName;
	}
	/**
	 * 设置借书人姓名
	 */
	public void setBorrowerName(String borrowerName) {
		this.borrowerName = borrowerName;
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 获取借书人电话
	 */
	public String getBorrowerPhone() {
		return borrowerPhone;
	}
	/**
	 * 设置借书人电话
	 */
	public void setBorrowerPhone(String borrowerPhone) {
		this.borrowerPhone = borrowerPhone;
	}
 
}

重点内容 ：

主要就是数据库对应表中各对应的字段get、set方法

Ecppse技巧：

Shift + alt + s -> Generate Getters and Setters -> Select all -> Generate 自动生成set、get方法

Controller类（以BookAction为例）

package pers.cyz.controller;
 
import java.util.List;
 
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
 
import pers.cyz.dao.BookDao;
import pers.cyz.model.Book;
 
 
/**
 * 图书信息行为控制类，包含增加图书、删除图书
 * 、 修改图书、和初始化个人书库管理窗体表格
 * 
 * @author 1651200111 陈彦志
 */
public class BookAction {
	
 
 
	/**
	 * 初始化窗体表格
	 * @return
	 * 		results
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
	public Object[][] initializTable(String[] columnNames) throws Exception{
		BookDao bookDao = new BookDao();
		List list = bookDao.query();
		Object[][] results = new Object[list.size()][columnNames.length];
		
		for(int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
			Book book = (Book)list.get(i);				
	
			results[i][0] = book.getID();
			results[i][1] = book.getBookName();
			results[i][2] = book.getAuthor();
			results[i][3] = book.getPrice();
			results[i][4] = book.getISBN();
			results[i][5] = book.getPublishHouse();
			results[i][6] = book.getBookCategory();	
	
			String borrowerName = book.getBorrowerName();
			if (borrowerName == null) {	
				borrowerName = "";	
				results[i][7] = borrowerName;
			}
			else {	
				results[i][7] = borrowerName;
			}
			
			String borrowerPhone = book.getBorrowerPhone();	
			if (borrowerPhone == null) {		
				borrowerPhone = "";	
				results[i][8] = borrowerPhone;
			}	
			else {	
				results[i][8] = borrowerPhone;
			}
		}	 	
		return results;
}
	
	
 	/**
 	 * 添加图书信息
 	 */
	public void addBookInformation (JTextField textFieldISBN, JTextField textFieldName
			,JTextField textFieldPrice, JTextField textFieldAuthor, JTextField textFieldPublishedHouse
			, JTextField textFieldBookCategory, JTextField textFieldBorrowName
			, JTextField textFieldBorrowPhone) throws Exception {
	
 BookDao bookDao=new BookDao();
 Book book=new Book(); 
 
 book.setISBN(textFieldISBN.getText()); 
 book.setBookName(textFieldName.getText());
 float price = Float.parseFloat(textFieldPrice.getText());
 book.setPrice(price);
 book.setAuthor(textFieldAuthor.getText());
 book.setPublishHouse(textFieldPublishedHouse.getText());
 book.setBookCategory(textFieldBookCategory.getText());
 
 if (textFieldBorrowName.getText() == null ||textFieldBorrowName.getText() == "" ) {
 	book.setBorrowerName(null);
 }
 else {
 	 book.setBorrowerName(textFieldBorrowName.getText());
 }
 
 if (textFieldBorrowPhone.getText() == null || textFieldBorrowPhone.getText() == "") {
 	book.setBorrowerPhone(null);
 }
 else {
 	book.setBorrowerPhone(textFieldBorrowPhone.getText());
 }
 
 //添加图书
 bookDao.addBook(book);
	}
	
	
 
	/**
	 * 删除图书信息
	 */
	public void delBookInformation (JTable table) throws Exception {
	
		int selRow = table.getSelectedRow();
		int ID = Integer.parseInt(table.getValueAt(selRow, 0).toString());
		
 BookDao bookDao=new BookDao();
 Book book=new Book(); 
 
 book.setID(ID);
 
 // 删除图书信息
 bookDao.delBook(ID);
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 修改图书信息
	 */
	public void changeBookInformation (JTextField textFieldISBN, JTextField textFieldName
			,JTextField textFieldPrice, JTextField textFieldAuthor, JTextField textFieldPublishedHouse
			, JTextField textFieldBookCategory, JTextField textFieldBorrowerName
			, JTextField textFieldBorrowerPhone, JTable table) throws Exception{
		
 BookDao bookDao=new BookDao();
 Book book=new Book(); 
 
		int selRow = table.getSelectedRow();
		int ID = Integer.parseInt(table.getValueAt(selRow, 0).toString());	
 book.setID(ID);
 
 book.setISBN(textFieldISBN.getText()); 
 book.setBookName(textFieldName.getText());
 book.setAuthor(textFieldAuthor.getText());
 float price = Float.parseFloat(textFieldPrice.getText());
 book.setPrice(price);
 book.setPublishHouse(textFieldPublishedHouse.getText());
 book.setBookCategory(textFieldBookCategory.getText());
 book.setBorrowerName(textFieldBorrowerName.getText());
 	book.setBorrowerPhone(textFieldBorrowerPhone.getText());
 
 //修改图书
 bookDao.changeBook(book); 
	}	
	
}

util类（以DBUtil为例）

package pers.cyz.util;
 
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
 
/**
 * 连接数据库类，包含一个对外提供获取数据库连接的方法
 * 
 * @author 1651200111 陈彦志
 */
public class DBUtil {
	
	// 数据库连接路径
	private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/db_books?"
			+ "useUnicode = true & serverTimezone = GMT"
			// MySQL在高版本需要指明是否进行SSL连接
			+ "& characterEncoding = utf8 & useSSL = false";
	private static final String NAME = "root";
	private static final String PASSWORD = "root";
	private static Connection conn = null;
	
	// 静态代码块（将加载驱动、连接数据库放入静态块中）
	 static{
	 try {
	 // 加载驱动程序
	 Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
	 // 获取数据库的连接
	 conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, NAME, PASSWORD);
	 } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
	 e.printStackTrace();
	 } catch (SQLException e) {
	 e.printStackTrace();
	 }
	 }
	 
	 // 对外提供一个方法来获取数据库连接	 
	 public static Connection getConnection(){ 
		 return conn;	 
	 }
	
}

util类（以BackgroundImage为例）

package pers.cyz.util;
 
import java.awt.Container;
 
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
 
/**
 * 设置背景图片类
 * 
 * @author 1651200111 陈彦志
 */
public class BackgroundImage {
	
	public BackgroundImage(JFrame frame,Container container,String ImageName) {
		// 限定加载图片路径
		ImageIcon icon= new ImageIcon("res/" + ImageName);	
		
		final JLabel labelBackground = new JLabel();
		ImageIcon iconBookManageSystemBackground = icon;
		labelBackground.setIcon(iconBookManageSystemBackground);
		// 设置label的大小
		labelBackground.setBounds(0,0,iconBookManageSystemBackground.getIconWidth()
				,iconBookManageSystemBackground.getIconHeight());		
		// 将背景图片标签放入桌面面板的最底层
		frame.getLayeredPane().add(labelBackground,new Integer(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
		// 将容器转换为面板设置为透明
		JPanel panel = (JPanel)container;
		panel.setOpaque(false);
		
	}

}

重点内容 ：

将图片标签放在窗体底层面板，然后将窗体转化为容器，将容器面板设为透明，背景图片就设置好了，之后就可以直接在该容器中添加组件

将所有两个或两个以上类需要用到的代码段全部封装到了公共类。整体按照MVC三层架构组织