CentOS下mysql5+php5(FastCGI)+nginx环境安装配置

时间：2013-11-15 编辑：简简单单来源：一聚教程网

由于生产环境都是freebsd平台，之前也写了一篇FreeBSD下安装mysql5.1.70+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器，有童鞋想要帮忙写一篇关于centos下的安装教程，其实网上也有很多，但是好多都不是太完整，或多或少的出现些问题，所以就写了一篇 centos 5.5下安装mysql5.1.70+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器

在高并发连接的情况下，nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品。nginx同时也可以作为7层负载均衡服务器来使用。根据我的测试结果，Nginx 1.2.7 + PHP 5.2.17 (FastCGI) 可以承受3万以上的并发连接数，相当于同等环境下Apache的10倍。

第一步：安装系统环境需要的软件

代码如下	复制代码
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5-libs krb5-devel krb5-server libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

第二步：编译安装PHP所需要的库

代码如下

复制代码

mkdir -p /data/soft
    mkdir -p /data/src
    cd /data/src
    wget http://lcmp.googlecode.com/files/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
    tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
    cd libiconv-1.13.1
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
    make && make install
    cd ..
    wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz/download
    tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
    cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
    ./configure
    make && make install
    /sbin/ldconfig
    cd libltdl/
    ./configure --enable-ltdl-install
    make && make install
    cd ../../
    wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mhash/files/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2/download
    tar jxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
    cd mhash-0.9.9.9
    ./configure
    make && make install
    echo "/usr/local/lib" >>/etc/ld.so.conf
    /sbin/ldconfig
    cd ..
    wget http://vps.googlecode.com/files/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
    tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
    cd mcrypt-2.6.8
    /sbin/ldconfig
    ./configure
    make && make install

第三步：编译安装mysql

代码如下

复制代码

    cd /data/src
    wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.70.tar.gz/from/http://cdn.mysql.com/
    tar zxvf mysql-5.1.70.tar.gz
    cd mysql-5.1.70
    /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
    /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
    ./configure --prefix=/data/soft/mysql --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile
    make && make install
    chown -R mysql:mysql /data/soft/mysql
    chmod u+w /data/soft/mysql
    mkdir -p /data/database
    chown -R mysql:mysql /data/database

以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：

代码如下	复制代码
/data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/data/soft/mysql --datadir=/data/database --user=mysql

创建mysql配置文件

代码如下	复制代码
rm -rf /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf vi /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf

如下：

代码如下

复制代码

   [client]
    port = 3306
    socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
    [mysql]
    no-auto-rehash
    [mysqld]
    user = mysql
    port = 3306
    socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
    basedir = /data/soft/mysql
    datadir = /data/database
    skip-name-resolve
    open_files_limit = 600
    back_log = 20
    max_connections = 1000
    max_connect_errors = 200
    table_cache = 60
    external-locking = FALSE
    max_allowed_packet = 16M
    sort_buffer_size = 128K
    join_buffer_size = 128K
    thread_cache_size = 10
    thread_concurrency = 8
    query_cache_size = 2M
    query_cache_limit = 2M
    query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
    default_table_type = MyISAM
    thread_stack = 192K
    transaction_isolation = READ-UNCOMMITTED
    tmp_table_size = 512K
    max_heap_table_size = 32M
    long_query_time = 1
    log_long_format
    server-id = 1
    #log-bin = /data/soft/mysql/binlog
    binlog_cache_size = 2M
    max_binlog_cache_size = 4M
    max_binlog_size = 512M
    expire_logs_days = 7
    key_buffer_size = 4M
    read_buffer_size = 1M
    read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
    bulk_insert_buffer_size = 2M
    myisam_sort_buffer_size = 4M
    myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
    myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G
    myisam_repair_threads = 1
    myisam_recover
    [mysqldump]
    quick
    max_allowed_packet = 16M

修改mysqld脚本

代码如下	复制代码
cp /data/soft/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

修改

代码如下	复制代码
basedir=/data/soft/mysql datadir=/data/database ln -s /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf

启动mysql

代码如下	复制代码
service mysqld start lsof -i:3306 netstat -ntupl \|grep 3306

测试登录mysql

代码如下	复制代码
/data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p mysql> createdatabase hello; chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig mysqld on chkconfig --list \|grep mysqld service mysqld restart

第四步：编译安装PHP（FastCGI）

1、安装php-5.2.17

代码如下

复制代码

cd /data/src
    wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.2.17.tar.gz/from/this/mirror
    wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz
    wget http://www.92csz.com/downloads/php-5.2.17-max-input-vars.patch
    tar zxvf php-5.2.17.tar.gz
    gzip -cd php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1
    cd php-5.2.17
    patch -p1 < ../php-5.2.17-max-input-vars.patch
    sed -i "s/!png_check_sig (sig, 8)/png_sig_cmp (sig, 0, 8)/" ext/gd/libgd/gd_png.c
    cp ../fopen_wrappers.c main/ 此处参考FreeBSD下php修改源代码解决nginx虚拟主机防webshell跨目录
    ./configure --prefix=/data/soft/php --with-config-file-path=/data/soft/php/etc --with-mysql=/data/soft/mysql --with-mysqli=/data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap
    make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
    make install
    cp php.ini-dist /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
    cd ..

2、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

代码如下

复制代码

   wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.6.tgz
    tar zxvf memcache-2.2.6.tgz
    cd memcache-2.2.6/
    /data/soft/php/bin/phpize
    ./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config
    make && make install
    cd ..
    wget http://lcmp.googlecode.com/files/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2
    tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2
    cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/
    /data/soft/php/bin/phpize
    ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config --without-eaccelerator-use-inode
    make && make install
    cd ..
    wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
    tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
    cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2
    /data/soft/php/bin/phpize
    ./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/data/soft/mysql
    make && make install
    cd ..
    wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/73608965/ImageMagick-6.7.0-8.tar.gz
    tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.7.0-8.tar.gz
    cd ImageMagick-6.7.0-8
    ./configure
    make && make install
    cd ..
    wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.0.1.tgz
    tar zxvf imagick-3.0.1.tgz
    cd imagick-3.0.1
    /data/soft/php/bin/phpize
    ./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config
    make && make install
    cd ..

3、修改php.ini文件

代码如下

复制代码

sed -i "s/output_buffering = Off/output_buffering = On/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
    sed -i "s/extension_dir =/; extension_dir =/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
    sed -i "s/; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0/cgi.fix_pathinfo=0/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's%;open_basedir =%open_basedir ="/tmp/:/data/www/"%' /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
    sed -i "s/disable_functions =/disable_functions = popen,pentl_exec,passthru,exec,system,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,pfsockopen,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,show_source,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,curl_exec,curl_multi_exec,parse_ini_file,assert/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
    sed -i "s/expose_php = On/expose_php = Off/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
    sed -i "s/display_errors = On/display_errors = Off/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
    sed -i "s/log_errors = Off/log_errors = On/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini

在php.ini最后添加如下：

代码如下

复制代码

   extension_dir = "/data/soft/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
    extension = "memcache.so"
    extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
    extension = "imagick.so"
    [eaccelerator]
    zend_extension="/data/soft/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
    eaccelerator.shm_size="1"
    eaccelerator.cache_dir="/data/soft/eaccelerator_cache"
    eaccelerator.enable="1"
    eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
    eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
    eaccelerator.debug="0"
    eaccelerator.filter=""
    eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
    eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
    eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
    eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
    eaccelerator.compress="1"
    eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
    eaccelerator.keys = "disk_only"
    eaccelerator.sessions = "disk_only"
    eaccelerator.content = "disk_only"

4、创建eAccelerator缓存目录

代码如下	复制代码
mkdir -p /data/soft/eaccelerator_cache

5、创建php-fpm.conf文件

代码如下	复制代码
rm /data/soft/php/etc/php-fpm.conf vi /data/soft/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

如下：

代码如下

复制代码

      All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

        Pid file
        /data/soft/php/logs/php-fpm.pid

        Error log file
        /data/soft/php/logs/php-fpm.log

        Log level
        notice

        When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
        10

        ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
        Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.
        1m

        Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master
        5s

        Set to 'no' to debug fpm
        yes

          Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.
          default

          Address to accept fastcgi requests on.
          Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'
          127.0.0.1:9000



            Set listen(2) backlog
            -1

            Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.
            In linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.
            Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.


            0666


          Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.

            /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i
            1


          Unix user of processes
          www

          Unix group of processes
          www

          Process manager settings


            Sets style of controling worker process count.
            Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'
            static

            Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.
            Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.
            Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi
            Used with any pm_style.
            8

            Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style


              Sets the number of server processes created on startup.
              Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
              20

              Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.
              Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
              5

              Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.
              Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
              35





          The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated
          Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason
          '0s' means 'off'
          0s

          The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file
          '0s' means 'off'
          0s

          The log file for slow requests
          logs/slow.log

          Set open file desc rlimit
          65535

          Set max core size rlimit
          0

          Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path


          Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path


          Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.
          If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs
          catch_workers_output">yes

          How much requests each process should execute before respawn.
          Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.
          For endless request processing please specify 0
          Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
          1024

          Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
          Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
          Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
          127.0.0.1

          Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH

            /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
            /tmp
            /tmp
            /tmp
            $OSTYPE
            $MACHTYPE
            2

6、创建www用户及启动php-fpm并加入启动脚本

代码如下	复制代码
/usr/sbin/groupadd www /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www mkdir -p /data/www chown -R www:www /data/www chmod +w /data/www ulimit -SHn 65535 /data/soft/php/sbin/php-fpm start echo "ulimit -SHn 65535" >> /etc/rc.local echo "/data/soft/php/sbin/php-fpm start" >> /etc/rc.local

第五步、编译安装Nginx-1.0.1

1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库

代码如下	复制代码
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.21.tar.gz tar zxvf pcre-8.21.tar.gz cd pcre-8.21 ./configure make && make install cd ..

2、安装nginx

代码如下

复制代码

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.7.tar.gz
    tar zxvf nginx-1.2.7.tar.gz
    cd nginx-1.2.7
    ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/data/soft/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module
    make && make install
    cd ..

3、创建nginx配置文件

代码如下	复制代码
rm -f /data/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.conf vi /data/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

如下：

代码如下

复制代码

    user www www;
    worker_processes 1;
    error_log /data/soft/nginx/logs/error.log crit;
    pid        /data/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.pid;
    #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
    worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
    events
    {
        use epoll;
        worker_connections 10240;
    }
    http
    {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type application/octet-stream;
        #charset gb2312;
        server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
        client_header_buffer_size 32k;
        large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
        client_max_body_size 8m;
        sendfile on;
        tcp_nopush     on;
        keepalive_timeout 60;
        tcp_nodelay on;
        fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
        fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
        fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
        fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
        gzip on;
        gzip_min_length 1k;
        gzip_buffers 4 16k;
        gzip_http_version 1.0;
        gzip_comp_level 2;
        gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
        gzip_vary on;
        #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
        include server/*.txt;
        server
        {
            listen 80;
            server_name default;
            index index.php;
            root /data/www/test;
            location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$
            {
                fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index index.php;
                include fastcgi.conf;
            }
        }
    }

4、启动nginx并进行测试

代码如下	复制代码
/data/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx -t /data/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx mkdir -p /data/www/test echo "" > /data/www/test/index.php echo "/data/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx" >> /etc/rc.local

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