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nginx伪静态规则参数与实例
时间:2014-05-08 编辑:简简单单 来源:一聚教程网
本日志内容来自互联网和平日使用经验,整理一下方便日后参考。
正则表达式匹配,其中:
* ~ 为区分大小写匹配
* ~* 为不区分大小写匹配
* !~和!~*分别为区分大小写不匹配及不区分大小写不匹配
文件及目录匹配,其中:
* -f和!-f用来判断是否存在文件
* -d和!-d用来判断是否存在目录
* -e和!-e用来判断是否存在文件或目录
* -x和!-x用来判断文件是否可执行
flag标记有:
* last 相当于Apache里的[L]标记,表示完成rewrite
* break 终止匹配, 不再匹配后面的规则
* redirect 返回302临时重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址
* permanent 返回301永久重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址
一些可用的全局变量有,可以用做条件判断(待补全)
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
$args $content_length $content_type $document_root $document_uri $host $http_user_agent $http_cookie $limit_rate $request_body_file $request_method $remote_addr $remote_port $remote_user $request_filename $request_uri $query_string $scheme $server_protocol $server_addr $server_name $server_port $uri 结合QeePHP的例子 if (!-d $request_filename) { rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?(.*)$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1&action=$2&$3 last; rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1 last; break; 多目录转成参数 abc.domian.com/sort/2 => abc.domian.com/index.php?act=sort&name=abc&id=2 if ($host ~* (.*)/.domain/.com) { set $sub_name $1; rewrite ^/sort//(/d+)//?$ /index.php?act=sort&cid=$sub_name&id=$1 last; } 目录对换 /123456/xxxx -> /xxxx?id=123456 rewrite ^/(/d+)/(.+)/ /$2?id=$1 last; 例如下面设定nginx在用户使用ie的使用重定向到/nginx-ie目录下: if ($http_user_agent ~ MSIE) { rewrite ^(.*)$ /nginx-ie/$1 break; } 目录自动加“/” if (-d $request_filename){ rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent; } 禁止htaccess location ~//.ht { deny all; } 禁止多个目录 location ~ ^/(cron|templates)/ { deny all; break; } 禁止以/data开头的文件 可以禁止/data/下多级目录下.log.txt等请求; location ~ ^/data { deny all; } 禁止单个目录 不能禁止.log.txt能请求 location /searchword/cron/ { deny all; } 禁止单个文件 location ~ /data/sql/data.sql { deny all; } 给favicon.ico和robots.txt设置过期时间; 这里为favicon.ico为99天,robots.txt为7天并不记录404错误日志 location ~(favicon.ico) { log_not_found off; expires 99d; break; } location ~(robots.txt) { log_not_found off; expires 7d; break; } 设定某个文件的过期时间;这里为600秒,并不记录访问日志 location ^~ /html/scripts/loadhead_1.js { access_log off; root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web; expires 600; break; } 文件反盗链并设置过期时间 这里的return 412 为自定义的http状态码,默认为403,方便找出正确的盗链的请求 “rewrite ^/ http://leech.c1gstudio.com/leech.gif;”显示一张防盗链图片 “access_log off;”不记录访问日志,减轻压力 “expires 3d”所有文件3天的浏览器缓存 location ~* ^.+/.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|swf|rar|zip|css|js)$ { valid_referers none blocked *.c1gstudio.com *.c1gstudio.net localhost 208.97.167.194; if ($invalid_referer) { rewrite ^/ http://leech.c1gstudio.com/leech.gif; return 412; break; } access_log off; root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web; expires 3d; break; } |
只充许固定ip访问网站,并加上密码
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
root /opt/htdocs/www; allow 208.97.167.194; allow 222.33.1.2; allow 231.152.49.4; deny all; auth_basic “C1G_ADMIN”; auth_basic_user_file htpasswd; |
将多级目录下的文件转成一个文件,增强seo效果
/job-123-456-789.html 指向/job/123/456/789.html
rewrite ^/job-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)/.html$ /job/$1/$2/jobshow_$3.html last;
将根目录下某个文件夹指向2级目录
如/shanghaijob/ 指向 /area/shanghai/
如果你将last改成permanent,那么浏览器地址栏显是/location/shanghai/
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;
上面例子有个问题是访问/shanghai 时将不会匹配
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /area/$1/ last;
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;
这样/shanghai 也可以访问了,但页面中的相对链接无法使用,
如./list_1.html真实地址是/area/shanghia/list_1.html会变成/list_1.html,导至无法访问。
那我加上自动跳转也是不行咯
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
(-d $request_filename)它有个条件是必需为真实目录,而我的rewrite不是的,所以没有效果 if (-d $request_filename){ rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent; } |
知道原因后就好办了,让我手动跳转吧
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /$1job/ permanent; rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last; |
文件和目录不存在的时候重定向:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
if (!-e $request_filename) { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; } |
域名跳转
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
server { listen 80; server_name jump.c1gstudio.com; index index.html index.htm index.php; root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www; rewrite ^/ http://www.111com.net/; access_log off; } |
多域名转向
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
server_name www.c1gstudio.com www.c1gstudio.net; index index.html index.htm index.php; root /opt/lampp/htdocs; if ($host ~ “c1gstudio/.net”) { rewrite ^(.*) http://www.c1gstudio.com$1 permanent; } |
三级域名跳转
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
if ($http_host ~* “^(.*)/.i/.c1gstudio/.com$”) { rewrite ^(.*) http://top.yingjiesheng.com$1; break; } |
域名镜向
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
server { listen 80; server_name mirror.c1gstudio.com; index index.html index.htm index.php; root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www; rewrite ^/(.*) http://www.c1gstudio.com/$1 last; access_log off; } |
某个子目录作镜向
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
location ^~ /zhaopinhui { rewrite ^.+ http://zph.c1gstudio.com/ last; break; } discuz ucenter home (uchome) rewrite rewrite ^/(space|network)-(.+)/.html$ /$1.php?rewrite=$2 last; rewrite ^/(space|network)/.html$ /$1.php last; rewrite ^/([0-9]+)$ /space.php?uid=$1 last; discuz 7 rewrite rewrite ^(.*)/archiver/((fid|tid)-[/w/-]+/.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last; rewrite ^(.*)/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)/.html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last; rewrite ^(.*)/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)/.html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page/%3D$4&page=$3 last; rewrite ^(.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+)/.html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last; rewrite ^(.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)/.html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last; rewrite ^(.*)/tag-(.+)/.html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last; 给discuz某版块单独配置域名 server_name bbs.c1gstudio.com news.c1gstudio.com; location = / { if ($http_host ~ news/.c1gstudio.com$) { rewrite ^.+ http://news.c1gstudio.com/forum-831-1.html last; break; } } discuz ucenter 头像 rewrite 优化 location ^~ /ucenter { location ~ .*/.php?$ { #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fcgi.conf; } location /ucenter/data/avatar { log_not_found off; access_log off; location ~ /(.*)_big/.jpg$ { error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_big.gif; } location ~ /(.*)_middle/.jpg$ { error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_middle.gif; } location ~ /(.*)_small/.jpg$ { error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_small.gif; } expires 300; break; } } jspace rewrite location ~ .*/.php?$ { #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fcgi.conf; } location ~* ^/index.php/ { rewrite ^/index.php/(.*) /index.php?$1 break; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fcgi.conf; } |
附现在常用cms替换
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
location / { index index.html index.php; if (-f $request_filename/index.html){ rewrite (.*) $1/index.html break; } if (-f $request_filename/index.php){ rewrite (.*) $1/index.php; } if (!-f $request_filename){ rewrite (.*) /index.php; } } |
———————–
PHPCMS伪静态规则
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
location / { ###以下为PHPCMS 伪静态化rewrite规则 rewrite ^(.*)show-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ $1/show.php?itemid=$2&page=$3; rewrite ^(.*)list-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ $1/list.php?catid=$2&page=$3; rewrite ^(.*)show-([0-9]+).html$ $1/show.php?specialid=$2; ####以下为PHPWind 伪静态化rewrite规则 rewrite ^(.*)-htm-(.*)$ $1.php?$2 last; rewrite ^(.*)/simple/([a-z0-9_]+.html)$ $1/simple/index.php?$2 last; } |
—————————————
ECSHOP伪静态规则
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite “^/index.html” /index.php last; rewrite “^/category$” /index.php last; rewrite “^/feed-c([0-9]+).xml$” /feed.php?cat=$1 last; rewrite “^/feed-b([0-9]+).xml$” /feed.php?brand=$1 last; rewrite “^/feed.xml$” /feed.php last; rewrite “^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)-min([0-9]+)-max([0-9]+)-attr([^-]*)- ([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*).html$” /category.php? id=$1&brand=$2&price_min=$3&price_max=$4&filter_attr=$5&page=$6&sort=$7&order= $8 last; rewrite “^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)-min([0-9]+)-max([0-9]+)-attr([^-]*) (.*).html$” /category.php? id=$1&brand=$2&price_min=$3&price_max=$4&filter_attr=$5 last; rewrite “^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*).html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&page=$3&sort=$4&order=$5 last; rewrite “^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)(.*).html$” /category.php? id=$1&brand=$2&page=$3 last; rewrite “^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)(.*).html$” /category.php? id=$1&brand=$2 last; rewrite “^/category-([0-9]+)(.*).html$” /category.php?id=$1 last; rewrite “^/goods-([0-9]+)(.*).html” /goods.php?id=$1 last; rewrite “^/article_cat-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*).html$” /article_cat.php?id=$1&page=$2&sort=$3&order=$4 last; rewrite “^/article_cat-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)(.*).html$” /article_cat.php? id=$1&page=$2 last; rewrite “^/article_cat-([0-9]+)(.*).html$” /article_cat.php?id=$1 last; rewrite “^/article-([0-9]+)(.*).html$” /article.php?id=$1 last; rewrite “^/brand-([0-9]+)-c([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+).html” /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2&page=$3&sort=$4&order=$5 last; rewrite “^/brand-([0-9]+)-c([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)(.*).html” /brand.php? id=$1&cat=$2&page=$3 last; rewrite “^/brand-([0-9]+)-c([0-9]+)(.*).html” /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2 last; rewrite “^/brand-([0-9]+)(.*).html” /brand.php?id=$1 last; rewrite “^/tag-(.*).html” /search.php?keywords=$1 last; rewrite “^/snatch-([0-9]+).html$” /snatch.php?id=$1 last; rewrite “^/group_buy-([0-9]+).html$” /group_buy.php?act=view&id=$1 last; rewrite “^/auction-([0-9]+).html$” /auction.php?act=view&id=$1 last; rewrite “^/exchange-id([0-9]+)(.*).html$” /exchange.php?id=$1&act=view last; rewrite “^/exchange-([0-9]+)-min([0-9]+)-max([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z] +)(.*).html$” /exchange.php? cat_id=$1&integral_min=$2&integral_max=$3&page=$4&sort=$5&order=$6 last; rewrite ^/exchange-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*).html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1&page=$2&sort=$3&order=$4 last; rewrite “^/exchange-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)(.*).html$” /exchange.php? cat_id=$1&page=$2 last; rewrite “^/exchange-([0-9]+)(.*).html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1 last; } |
—————————————
SHOPEX伪静态规则
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
location / { if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^/(.+.(html|xml|json|htm|php|jsp|asp|shtml))$ /index.php?$1 last; } } |
————————————————-
Discuz 7伪静态规则
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
rewrite ^/archiver/((fid|tid)-[w-]+.html)$ /archiver/index.php?$1 last; rewrite ^/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ /forumdisplay.php?fid=$1&page=$2 last; rewrite ^/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ /viewthread.php? tid=$1&extra=page=$3&page=$2 last; rewrite ^/space-(username|uid)-(.+).html$ /space.php?$1=$2 last; rewrite ^/tag-(.+).html$ /tag.php?name=$1 last; ————————————— discuzX2.0伪静态 # 将 RewriteEngine 模式打开 RewriteEngine On # 修改以下语句中的 /discuz 为你的论坛目录地址,如果程序放在根目录中,请将 /discuz 修改为 / RewriteBase / # Rewrite 系统规则请勿修改 RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(.*)$ RewriteRule ^topic-(.+).html$ portal.php?mod=topic&topic=$1&%1 RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(.*)$ RewriteRule ^article-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ portal.php? mod=view&aid=$1&page=$2&%1 RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(.*)$ RewriteRule ^forum-(w+)-([0-9]+).html$ forum.php? mod=forumdisplay&fid=$1&page=$2&%1 RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(.*)$ RewriteRule ^thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ forum.php? mod=viewthread&tid=$1&extra=page=$3&page=$2&%1 RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(.*)$ RewriteRule ^group-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ forum.php? mod=group&fid=$1&page=$2&%1 RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(.*)$ RewriteRule ^space-(username|uid)-(.+).html$ home.php?mod=space&$1=$2&%1 RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(.*)$ RewriteRule ^blog-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ home.php? mod=space&uid=$1&do=blog&id=$2&%1 RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(.*)$ RewriteRule ^archiver/(fid|tid)-([0-9]+).html$ archiver/index.php? action=$1&value=$2&%1 |
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